Background and Aims
Solid organ and hematopoietic transplant recipients are at an increased risk of developing skin cancer. The study aims to identify patient-reported risk factors for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanoma, in pre- and post-solid organ transplant patients.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed on 266 participants who had completed a questionnaire on their risk factors for skin cancers, including smoking status, previous history of skin cancers, family history of skin cancer, eye colour, hair colour, Fitzpatrick (FP) skin type, sun exposure, solarium use and the number of naevi. A univariate analysis comparing patients with and without a previous history skin cancer, was conducted using Fisher’s exact test.
Results
Preliminary data found an increased risk of skin cancer for individuals with blue eyes (OR 6.00, p=0.0005), FP skin phototype 1-3 (OR 4.89, p=0.0003), more than 10 blistering sunburns (OR 3.01, p=0.0281), and patient-reported significant sun exposure (OR 3.22, p=0.0001). There is also a decreased risk of skin cancer in individuals with brown eyes (OR 0.203, p=0.0024), black hair (OR 0.297, p=0.0193) and FP skin phototype 4-6 (OR 0.205, p=0.0003). There was no statistically significant correlation between ex-smokers and skin cancer (OR 1.95, p=0.146).
Conclusion and Significance/Impact
The findings of this retrospective, cross-sectional study identified patient-reported modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for the development of skin cancer. Future studies will aim to clinically correlate patient-reported factors with their medical record to better understand the effect of immunosuppression and organ transplantation on skin cancer risk.